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Knee pain can significantly impact a person’s quality of life, making even simple daily activities like walking, climbing stairs, or standing for long periods difficult. For patients suffering from severe knee arthritis or pain is not responding to other therapies and is functionally disabled, Total Knee Replacement (TKR) surgery offers a solution to restore mobility and relieve chronic pain. This blog, will explain what Total Knee Replacement surgery is, who needs it, the procedure, recovery process, and expected outcomes.
Total Knee Replacement (TKR), also known as Total Knee Arthroplasty, is a surgical procedure where a damaged or worn-out knee joint is replaced with an artificial implant. The surgery aims to relieve pain, improve function, and restore an active lifestyle for patients suffering from severe knee conditions.
The knee is a hinge joint formed by three bones:
In a Total Knee Replacement, the damaged cartilage and bone are removed and replaced with a metal and plastic implant that mimics the function of a natural knee joint.
Total Knee Replacement is recommended for patients who:
Suffer from severe osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, or post-traumatic arthritis.
Experience chronic knee pain that interferes with daily activities like walking, climbing stairs, or even resting.
Have stiffness and swelling in the knee that does not improve with medications, physiotherapy, or other non-surgical treatments.
Show significant knee deformity, such as bowing in or out of the knee.
Have tried conservative treatments like pain relievers, injections, and physiotherapy but found no long-term relief.
Before undergoing knee replacement surgery, patients need a thorough evaluation, including:
Medical Examination & Blood Test – To assess overall health and identify any conditions that may affect surgery.
Imaging – X-rays to determine the extent of knee damage.
Pre-Surgical Physiotherapy – Strengthening the muscles around the knee helps with post-operative recovery.
Lifestyle Adjustments – Patients may need to lose weight, quit smoking, or manage diabetes before surgery for better outcomes.
The surgery is performed under spinal or general anaesthesia and typically takes 45 minutes to 1 hour. The key steps include:
A small incision (usually 6-8 inches) is made to access the knee joint.
The damaged cartilage and bone from the femur, tibia, and patella are carefully removed.
The femoral component (upper implant) is fixed to the thigh bone.
The tibial component (lower implant) is attached to the shin bone.
A plastic spacer is placed between the metal implants to ensure smooth joint movement.
The incision is closed using sutures or staples.
A sterile dressing is applied, and the patient is taken to the recovery room for monitoring.
Pain Relief – The most significant benefit of TKR is the elimination of chronic knee pain.
Improved Mobility – Patients can walk, climb stairs, and perform daily activities without discomfort.
Enhanced Quality of Life – A pain-free knee allows patients to enjoy an active lifestyle.
Durability – Modern knee implants last 15-20 years, providing long-term relief.
Although Total Knee Replacement is a safe procedure, some risks include:
Infection – Rare but can occur; antibiotics are given to prevent it.
Blood Clots – Prevented with blood-thinning medications and exercises.
Implant Wear & Loosening – In rare cases, a revision surgery may be required.
Stiffness – Regular physiotherapy helps maintain flexibility.
Total Knee Replacement surgery is a highly effective solution for individuals suffering from chronic knee pain and arthritis. With advancements in surgical techniques and improved implants, patients can expect excellent outcomes, long-lasting relief, and a return to their normal lifestyle. If you or a loved one are considering knee replacement, consult a specialist to discuss the best options for your condition.
For further information or to schedule a consultation, feel free to reach out to me. Together, we can help you regain pain-free movement and improve your quality of life.
